Poland
Polska
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Did you know
Every hour a bugle call, the hejnał, sounds from St Mary's tower in Kraków; legend says an arrow once cut it short. (source)
Elders in numbers
In Poland, 21 January is Grandmother's Day and 22 January is Grandfather's Day. (source)
- of people are 65 or older
- 20.8%
- people aged 65 or older
- 7.6M
- will be 65 or older in 2050
- 31.8%
- is how long people live after 60, on average
- 22 years
- of people 65+ live alone
- 18.6%
- women 23.5%, men 11.4%
- of people 65+ live in collective quarters: care homes, hospitals, hostels and the like
- 1%
Sources: World Bank, 2025; World Bank projection for 2050; WHO, 2023; UN, 2021; UN, 2011 census
Languages
20 languages, 9 of them endangered
- WymysorysSeverely endangered
- Baltic RomaniVulnerable
- BelarusianVulnerable
- KashubianVulnerable
- RusynVulnerable
- SilesianVulnerable
- Silesian GermanVulnerable
- SlovakVulnerable
- UkrainianVulnerable
- Balkan Romani
- Carpathian Romani
- Czech
Show all 20
- Eastern Yiddish
- German
- Lithuanian
- Polish
- Polish Sign Language
- Russian
- Serbisk
- Vlax Romani
Languages and their status: Glottolog v5.3, CC BY 4.0. Names: Wikidata.
UNESCO intangible heritage
- Basketry traditions2025
- Polonaise, traditional Polish dance2023
- Timber rafting2022
- Falconry, a living human heritage2021
- Flower carpets tradition for Corpus Christi processions2021
- Tree beekeeping culture2020
- Nativity scene (szopka) tradition in Krakow2018
List and years: ich.unesco.org
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